Measles

A highly contagious airborne viral infection that is effectively prevented by vaccination; outbreaks have resurged where coverage has fallen.

How it spreads

The virus remains infectious in the air and on surfaces for up to 2 hours after an infected person coughs or sneezes; people are contagious from 4 days before to 4 days after the rash appears.

Common symptoms

High fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis, small white spots inside the mouth (Koplik spots), followed by a red rash that spreads downward from the face.

When to seek care

Complications include pneumonia, encephalitis, severe diarrhoea and blindness; breathing difficulty, seizures, altered consciousness or severe dehydration need urgent care. Immunocompromised people (including transplant recipients) should contact their care team promptly after exposure.

Prevention & treatment

Two doses of measles-containing vaccine (MMR/MR); check your status before travel. Many immunocompromised people, including transplant recipients, cannot receive this live vaccine and rely on community immunity and post-exposure management.

Unknowns & ongoing research

The long-term impact of measles-induced “immune amnesia” on susceptibility to other infections is still being studied.

Global disease data

Source: WHO Global Health Observatory (annual estimates or officially reported figures; global and WHO-region level). Estimates carry uncertainty intervals; reported counts reflect national surveillance capacity and are not the true number of infections.

Measles – number of reported cases (official reports, not estimates)

Officially reported · GHO WHS3_62 · Measles – number of reported cases (official reports, not estimates)

WHO region20252024
Global411,913476,412
African Region179,400195,039
Region of the Americas12,380165
South-East Asia Region19,07527,424
European Region38,686151,040
Eastern Mediterranean Region83,59078,765
Western Pacific Region78,78223,979

Data year: 2025 · Source updated: 2026-07-14

WHO GHO · WHS3_62 · Last successful update on this site: 2026-11-10 01:10 UTC

Related WHO notices

WHO Disease Outbreak News · Last successful update on this site: 2026-11-12 01:10 UTC

Official sources & interactive data